cmd/compile: make the second argument to go:linkname optional

The //go:linkname directive can be used to make a symbol accessible to
another package (when it wouldn't normally be). Sometimes you want to
do this without actually changing the symbol's object file symbol
name; for example, in gccgo this makes unexported symbols non-static,
and in gc this provides ABI0 wrappers for Go symbols so they can be
called from assembly in other packages. Currently, this results in
stutter like

   //go:linkname entersyscall runtime.entersyscall

This CL makes the second argument to go:linkname optional for the case
where the intent is simply to expose the symbol rather than to rename
it in the object file.

Updates #31230.

Change-Id: Id06d9c4b2ec3d8e27f9b8a0d65212ab8048d734f
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/179861


Run-TryBot: Austin Clements <austin@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: David Chase <drchase@google.com>